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Bibliografische Information Der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet ber : dnb.ddb abrufbar. Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists the publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the internet at: : dnb.ddb . This thesis was accepted as a doctoral dissertation in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree "Doktor der Agrarwissenschaften" by the Faculty Agricultural Sciences at University of Hohenheim on 29.06.2005. Date of oral examination: Examination Committee Dean and Head of the Committee: Supervisor and Reviewer: Co-Reviewer: Additional examiner: Additional examiner: 06.03.2006 Prof. Dr. K. Stahr Prof. Dr. F. Heidhues Prof. Dr. M. Zeller Prof. Dr. J. Zeddies Prof. Dr. G. Buchenrieder
Table II. Treatment with frozen embryos No. of women Age of women, years, mean range ; No. of embryo transfers No. of embryos embryo transfer Clinical pregnancies % per embryo transfer ; Miscarriages % ; Twins Implantation rate % ; 12 31 2440 ; 25 1.8 7 ; 1.
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Glomerular hyperfiltration Studies in obese animals have shown an increased renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate GFR ; , mediated by vasodilation of the afferent arterioles w4x. The cause of these haemodynamic changes could be related to an increased salt reabsorption in the loop of Henle. The elevated salt reabsorption at a segment proximal to the macula densa would induce a rise in GFR through tubuloglomerular feedback, in addition to shifting the pressure natriuresis relationship to higher blood pressure values. The mechanisms responsible for this increased tubular reabsorption are still unclear but several experimental studies have shown that insulin resistance, increased sympathetic activity, and activated reninangiotensin system RAS ; , i.e. disturbances consistently found in obesity, could all play an important role. Studies in humans have confirmed these experimental results, showing an increase in renal plasma flow and GFR, together with increased transcapillary hydraulic pressure and filtration fraction in non-diabetic, normotensive obese subjects in comparison with non-obese w5x. Hyperlipidaemia Hyperlipidaemia is common in obese patients. Many experimental studies and some clinical data have shown that dyslipidaemia can contribute to renal injury, mainly through proliferation of mesangial cells and their extracellular matrix induced by LDL-cholesterol. The obese Zucker rat is an experimental model of obesity, hyperinsulinaemia, and.
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Conclusion From this study we concluded that Esmolol hydrochloride is found to be effective in attenuating the rise in mean pulse rate response to laryngoscopy and intubation at all the doses i.e. 50, 100 and 150 mgs IV bolus. Esmolol hydrochloride did not prevent the rise but the rise was significantly less as compared to the cases who did not receive any drug and there was dose response effect. Only 150 mgs of esmolol hydrocholride was found to be effective significantly in blunting the rise in systolic blood pressure. The RPP, an indicator of O2 consumption of heart showed a significant decrease on using 100 and 150 mgs esmolol. The higher doses though effective in blunting the pulse rate and blood pressure response both, tend to have adverse effects in few individuals so one must be cautious, while using higher doses. References and estramustine.
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6. We will seek to further contribute to European cooperation by pursuing policies coherent with broader European interests. Our goal is to promote Europe, which would be an equal, effective and reliable partner in the face of the 21st century security challenges. 7. We believe that ongoing democratic processes in our region will have a positive impact on developments in Belarus and agree to assist democratization process in this country. We will help in development and strengthening of the Belarusian civil society. 8. We underline the importance of intensifying the concerted efforts of the international community in resolution of existing conflicts in the region of GUUAM states on the basis of the norms and principles of the international law. 9. We agree that cooperation with the Russian Federation is an important factor in ensuring security and stability on the European continent. We are determined to further develop constructive and friendly relations with Russia thus contributing to the ongoing dialogue between Russia and the European structures. We believe that our consolidation as successful European democracies plays a positive role in development of democracy in the region. 10. We resolve to take steps to continue the process set out by this Joint Statement, including close consultations on integration performance, and to set regional goals.
FIG. 8. Radiochromatogram of urine collected at 0 12 after oral administration of [14C]tolterodine 50 mg kg ; to a rat and eszopiclone.
Gupta, A., A. Naik, et al. 1999 ; . "Comparison of efficacy of intravenous diltiazem and esmolol in terminating supraventricular tachycardia." J Assoc Physicians India 47 10 ; : 969-72. ABS OBJECTIVE: Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia PSVT ; can be effectively terminated by the intravenous administration of adenosine or verapamil. However adenosine is expensive and injectable verapamil currently is scarcely available. While intravenous diltiazem has been shown to be useful for terminating PSVT, the efficacy of esmolol in this regard has not been evaluated previously. Hence these latter two drugs were studied for their efficacy in terminating PSVT. METHODS: A prospective, randomised, crossover study was undertaken in patients presenting with hemodynamically tolerated PSVT to the ICCU. While 50 patients had been planned for the trial, the study had to be prematurely terminated after 32 patients had been enrolled due to the marked superiority of diltiazem. Two sequential doses with a 5 minute interval of either drug were administered before crossover. Diltiazem was given in a dose of 0.25 mg kg while the esmolol.
Blood pressure returns to client's normal level. Urine protein levels are decreased to zero. Deep tendon reflexes remain at 2 with no beats of clonus. Risk for Injury to fetus related to uteroplacental insufficiency secondary to vasospasm. The fetus will have adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients. No signs of fetal distress Fetal diagnostic tests within normal limits and ethionamide.
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PMEA and Bis-PMEA were given at equimolar doses of PMEA at a concentration of 50 mg kg. Drugs were administered by oral gavage 5 days per week for a period of 4 or weeks. Values are the means S.D. of three animals determined 4 weeks post virus inoculation and seven animals at 9 weeks post virus inoculation.
51. This narrow focus on Ifour projectffby donors appears to have often been a particular stumbling block to assisting governments in evaluation. Not only has donor attention been concentrated on executing Ifitsff project, which may be only a small part of a large national programme, but it has too often concentrated on the adequacy of the specific project's implementation without considering how to help strengthen the management capabilities of the unit or ministry or government concerned and ethosuximide.
The claimant would "return to any kind of productive work activity." He noted that "[s]tatistically speaking, there is less than a 2% chance that she will return to work" because she had been out of work for almost three years. However, he further noted that "with the continued complaints of pain, discomfort, and inability to get around even using a wheelchair, etc., these strongly indicate that there is not much chance that she will return to constructive work activities." In his report of February 15, 1999, Dr. C opined that the claimant "can go back to a light duty type job in a situation where she could stand up, sit down, and move about, to keep herself as comfortable as is reasonable." Dr. C further noted that she should start out on a part-time basis and gradually increase her work hours as tolerated. Dr. C also stated that she should not be required to do multiple bending, twisting, pushing or pulling activities and that she should not be required to lift things from the floor and put them on shelves. In Texas Workers' Compensation Commission Appeal No. 931147, decided February 3, 1994, the Appeals Panel stated that if a claimant established that he or she had no ability to work at all during the filing period in question, then seeking employment in good faith commensurate with this inability to work would be not to seek work at all. In Texas Workers' Compensation Commission Appeal No. 941382, decided November 28, 1994, we emphasized that the burden of establishing no ability to work is firmly on the claimant. Texas Workers' Compensation Commission Appeal No. 941334, decided November 18, 1994, states that an assertion of inability to work must be judged against employment generally, not just the job where the injury occurred. In addition, we have noted that an assertion of no ability to work must be supported by medical evidence. Texas Workers' Compensation Commission Appeal No. 950654, decided June 12, 1995. The hearing officer is the trier of fact and is the sole judge of the relevance and materiality of the evidence and of the weight and credibility to be given to the evidence. Section 410.165 a ; . The trier of fact decides the weight to assign to the evidence before her and resolves conflicts and inconsistencies in the testimony and evidence. Taylor v. Lewis, 553 S.W.2d 153 Tex. Civ. App.-Amarillo 1977, writ ref'd n.r.e. Texas Workers' Compensation Commission Appeal No. 93426, decided July 5, 1993. An appeals level body is not a fact finder, and it does not normally pass upon the credibility of witnesses or substitute its judgment for that of the trier of fact even if the evidence would support a different result. National Union Fire Ins. Co. v. Soto, 819 S.W.2d 619, 620 Tex. App.-El Paso 1991, writ denied ; . The hearing officer determined that the claimant sustained her burden of proving that she had no ability to work in the filing period for the 11th quarter. There was conflicting evidence on that question. Specifically, the hearing officer found that during the filing period "the Claimant was heavily sedated with morphine, methadone, or dilaudid, all of which severely affected her ability to accomplish essential tasks of daily living" and that "the preponderance of the medical evidence presented shows or otherwise establishes that the Claimant was totally unable to work during the filing period for the [11th] compensable quarter." It was the hearing officer's responsibility as the fact finder to resolve the conflicts and inconsistencies in the evidence and to determine what facts had been established. She did so by giving more weight to the opinions of Dr. S, Dr. J and Dr. M that the claimant had no ability to work than to the opinion of Dr. C that the claimant could return to part-time, 3.
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Nervous discharge by direct recordings of the peroneus nerve 16 ; . However, substantial regional differences in sympathetic nervous activity exist. Thus, muscle or skin sympathetic nervous activity recorded in the peroneus nerve does not equal sympathetic discharge directed to the heart. Furthermore, the technique is delicate and limited by the availability of elaborate equipment. Instead, spectral analysis of HRV and BPV have been proposed as estimates of central SNS control 17, 18 ; . Systolic time intervals have been suggested as markers of cardiac sympathetic activation 19 ; . Simultaneous assessment of these parameters has never been reported during specific modulation of SNS activity. Thus, the current study investigated the pattern and redundancy of these noninvasive cardiovascular SNS parameters during distinct pharmacological stimulation and inhibition of central and peripheral SNS components. Instead of more common behavioral stimulation ie, psychological or physical stress tests ; , a pharmacological design was chosen because of its relatively unambiguous effects on sympathetic function. A protocol including infusions of epinephrine, esmolol hydrochloride, nitroprusside sodium, and norepinephrine was developed to directly stimulate or block peripheral -adrenergic receptors -adrenoceptors ; and to indirectly activate or inhibit central SNS output by unloading or loading arterial baroreceptors. In detail, epinephrine was infused to induce peripheral sympathetic activation. Epinephrine is a natural, direct-acting, sympathomimetic agent that exerts its effects on both - and -adrenoceptors. It is approximately 10fold more selective for 2- than for 1-adrenoceptors 20 ; . Metabolites have been detected in cerebrospinal fluid, indicating that epinephrine may pass the bloodbrain barrier to some extent 20 ; . However, the principal site of action is peripheral tissue, accounting for increased systolic blood pressure and tachycardia 21 ; . Esmolol hydrochloride is a water-soluble, short-acting -blocker. No direct effects of esmolol inside the central nervous system have been reported. When esmolol is administered as a bolus followed by continuous infusion, 1-blockade occurs within 2 minutes 20 ; . Esmolol is highly specific for 1 and therefore acts mainly on cardiac adrenoceptors; it has also been found to abolish adrenal medullary and plasma epinephrine responses to hypotension 22 ; . Clearly esmolol attenuates sympathetic cardiac activity by peripheral 1-blockade. Sodium nitroprusside is a potent, rapid-acting, and short-lasting vasodilating drug. Sodium nitroprusside releases nitric oxide 23 ; , which is responsible for an immediate decrease in total peripheral resistance and an associated fall in blood pressure. Nitroprusside has no direct effect on adrenergic receptors. However, its hypotensive activity baroreceptor unloading ; causes a reflex increase in sympathetic tone 24 ; and a rise in plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine 25 ; . We not know whether nitroprusside itself crosses the blood-brain barrier, but nitric oxide does. It remains unclear whether centrally acting nitric oxide contributes to the sympatho-excitatory effect of nitroprusside 26, 27 ; . In the current study, infusion of nitroprusside sodium served as a model to increase central SNS output 28 ; . Norepinephrine is an -adrenergic agonist. It also possesses -stimulating properties and is equipotent to epinephrine at 1-receptors, but it has little action on 2-receptors. Norepinephrine is an endogenous catecholamine released from sympathetic nerve endings. Infusion of norepinephrine increases total peripheral resistance and blood pressure baroreceptor loading ; , accompanied by reflex augmentation of parasympathetic tone 20, 29 ; . According to what is known of other -adrenergic vasoconstrictor agents ie, phenylephrine ; , reflex inhibition of central sympathetic output 15 ; can be expected. Phenylephrine would have been the better agent to induce reflex inhibition of central SNS output because of its high selectivity for -adrenoceptors. However, because phenylephrine has a rather long half-life, it could not be included in the current study, and norepinephrine was chosen instead. All pharmacological procedures were used in an attempt to equate heart rate and blood pressure responses to the presumed central and peripherally acting agents. METHODS and etidronate.
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Tained follicular regions, but in several samples, solidly packed cells were the primary morphologic feature. Immunostaining for pan-Ras protein was uniformly positive in regions of hyperplasia and adenomas in all cats examined Table 2 ; . Within the foci of hyperplasia adenomas, the luminal aspect of follicular cells lining abortive follicles was consistently intensely positive Fig. 3 ; . Cellular staining for pan-Ras was more scattered and either was diffusely cytoplasmic Fig. 4 ; or clumped along the plasma membrane Fig. 5 ; in the solid cellular regions of the hyperplastic nodules adenomas. Subjacent, unaffected thyroid tissue failed to stain with pan-Ras antibody, showing the specificity of the staining for areas of hyperplasia adenomas Fig. 6 ; . In several sections, there were rare follicular cells in subjacent, apparently normal thyroid tissue that also stained positively for pan-Ras Fig. 7 ; . Here, staining was sparsely cytoplasmic and was not clumped apically or along the cellular membrane, as in affected neoplastic glands. Immunostaining for pan-Ras was uniformly negative in thyroid glands without nodular hyperplasia adenomas and in the thyroid glands with lymphoma and lymphoplasmacytic thyroiditis Fig. 8 ; . Other tissues examined for immunostaining with panRas antibody included thyroid glands from 14 normal cats, thyroid glands from a euthyroid cat with lymphoma, thyroid glands from a euthyroid cat with lymphoplasmacytic thyroiditis, parathyroid glands, lymph nodes from 4 cats, and liver and spleen from 3 cats each. These tissues were completely negative for panRas by immunostaining. There was no detectable staining for either p53 or Bcl2 in any sections examined. Several pretreatments were attempted to recover antigens that may have been masked by prolonged formalin fixation. Antigen retrieval was carried out using Citra Microwave Solution.
1. Brown OE, Pownell P, Manning SC. Choanal atresia: a new anatomic classification and clinical management options. Laryngoscope. 1996; 106: 97-101. Owens H. Observations in treating twenty-five cases of choanal atresia by the transpalatine approach. Laryngoscope. 1965; 75: 84-104. Pirsig W. Surgery of choanal atresia in infants and children: historical notes and updated review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1986; 11: 153-170 and etodolac.
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We have all become aware of the emer gence of biotech nology in many Asian and Pacific Rim nations. Japan, China, Korea, Singapore and India among other nations have made an impact on global progress toward new cures and have sped the progress and lowered the cost of new therapeutics in the United States. There are more than just a handful of local biotech companies who have already taken advantage of this and are out sourcing chemistry, PK, toxicology and biology, as well as some manufacturing, predominantly to China and India. One San Diego company, BioDuro, has established a laboratory in Beijing with more than 230 chemists and seeks to become the preeminent contract research organization in China. Some companies including Arena Pharma ceuticals, Ascenta Therapeutics, Aviva Biosciences and Invitrogen have set up partnerships or acquired companies. Others, like TargeGen and Immusol, are outsourcing chemistry to China. Mean while, a few Paramount BioVentures and Huya Biosciences have tapped into the discovery market and have in licensed compounds from China. As a result of these increased capabilities, we have identified a need that must be addressed for our membership. It's clear that many companies, large and small, could benefit from an easy way to access resources in Asia. Thus, we are launching an initiative here at BIOCOM called the "Road map to China." By aggregating the resources currently being used, we can offer easier and proven access to the marketplace in China. The Roadmap will be an online resource that will lead the enquirer through predetermined steps a decision matrix ; to ascertain the path and resources needed. All sources referred through this roadmap would be prequalified and vetted by a committee of qualified individuals with experience and insight in this field or extensive relationships in China. We are very excited be able to offer this resource to our members, and we welcome any and all contributions that could enhance this program. The committee is in the formative stage; anyone interested should contact me at iwisenberg biocom as soon as possible to get more information and exemestane.
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The three treatment groups were comparable with respect to age, weight, height, and durations of anesthesia and surgery Table 1 ; . After the induction of anesthesia, the MAP decreased in all three groups Fig. 1 ; . However, the decrease in MAP was significantly larger in Group 3 than in the other two groups P 0.05 ; . After tracheal intubation, MAP increased significantly above baseline value in Group 1, returned to baseline in Group 2, and remained below baseline in Group 3. In all 3 groups, MAP decreased to 1015 mm Hg less than the preinduction baseline values 12 min before skin incision, and then increased with the onset of the pneumoperitoneum Fig. 1 ; . During the operation, MAP values were comparable in all three groups. To maintain comparable hemodynamic stability during the operation in the control group, a significantly larger end-tidal concentration of desflurane 4.3% 1% ; was required compared with Groups 2 1.8% 0.3% ; and 3 1.9% 0.2% ; Table 1 ; . The maintenance dosages of esmolol were not significantly different between Groups 2 92 97 mg ; and 3 76 21 mg ; . Compared with the control group, the decrease of HR was significantly more in Group 2 after induction Fig. 1 ; . The HR values in Groups 1 and 3 both increased significantly with laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, whereas the HR in Group 2 returned to the baseline after intubation P 0.05 versus Groups 1 and 3 ; . During the surgical procedure, HR values in Groups 1 and 3 were maintained at baseline values. However, HR values in Group 2 were significantly smaller than the baseline value. One patient in Group 1 developed a short run of premature ventricular contractions after intubation which resolved spontaneously within 2 min. Two patients in Group 2 experienced transient nodal rhythms during the pneumoperitoneum that lasted for 23 min, and disappeared when the esmolol infusion rate was decreased. No arrhythmias were observed in Group 3.
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